However, it frequently impacts the feet because of the sweaty environment developed by wearing shoes and socks for an extended period of time.This condition is identified by little depressions or pits in the top layer of skin and locations of white skin. Privacy Policy. We do however hope that visitors to this site can contact us regarding comments that are considered misleading or incorrect so that we can continue to improve the site. An Bras Dermatol. Dry your feet properly every time you take a bath or wash your feet. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4212664/. Kytococcus sedentarius, the organism associated with pitted keratolysis, produces two keratin-degrading enzymes. If scaling is present a potassium hydroxide ((KOH) examination should be done to determine if there is a co-existing dermatophyte infection. Results in a whitish skin surface with clusters of multiple, fine punched-out pits. People with hyperhidrosis may be more prone to pitted keratolysis. Please use the attached consent form when obtaining images, and download and (Nice short review of the condition, with a short discussion on epidemiology, etiology, and therapeutic options.). Pitted keratolysis. Int J Dermatol. Biopsies are not part of the workup and should not be routinely performed. 2004. pp. vol. More than the half of the female patients (58.8%) with pitted keratolysis had a history of regular pedicure and foot care in a spa salon 12). Pitted keratolysis isnt serious, and not everyone with it will experience uncomfortable symptoms. Dressings. Pitted keratolysis: a case report and review of current literature Rona Wai Yin Law, Eric So, Anson Ka Cheung Chu, and Daniel B Logan Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare 2018 28: 1 , 71-73 Download Citation If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Either the forefoot or the heel or both become white with clusters of punched-out pits, more obvious when the skin is wet. To the Editor. Pitted keratolysis is a noninflammatory bacterial infection characterized by discrete crateriform pits of the stratum corneum on the plantar surface. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC, an Internet Brands company. Dont miss out on todays top content on Dermatology Advisor. The condition is most often bilateral, with one foot almost always more severely affected. Eczema - discoid eczema 11. The odor linked to pitted keratolysis is due to the production of sulphur compounds. He cleared totally in 8 weeks. (Review of 53 patients with pitted keratolysis. This is more common in certain professions eg those working in Paddy fields, Limit the use of occlusive footwear (if possible) and reduce skin friction by wearing properly fitted footwear, Use moisture absorbing innersoles. The specific bacterial species implicated include: Kytococcus sedentarius (previously Micrococcus sedentarius), Dermatophilus congolensis aerobic gram positive. Dermatol Reports. 2012;4(1):e4. As for oral antibiotics, erythromycin is the most recommended. Bullae (blisters) / vesicles (tiny blisters) Isolation of Dermatophilus congolensis from two New Zealand cases of pitted keratolysis. A doctor might suggest other investigations such as skin scrapings or a biopsy. Pitted keratolysis is a skin condition affecting the soles of the . Athletes and military personnel tend to . CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal. Web Design - Mode Ten Designs. Pitted keratolysis is a skin condition affecting the soles of the feet and, less commonly, the palms of the hands. In cases where biopsies have been performed, two histological variants have been described: Minor type (superficial type): Bacteria is found on the surface of the skin. Patients may experience hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating), foot odor and sometimes itching or burning while walking, although most cases are asymptomatic 3). Benzoyl Peroxide gel might be prescribed as an antiseptic. Face and neck Angelica Bottaro is a professional freelance writer with over 5 years of experience. Occupations at risk include: Females offering pedicure and foot care in a spa salon may also be affected by pitted keratolysis. Pranteda G, Carlesimo M, Pranteda G, et al. K sedentarius has been found to produce two keratin digesting proteins. Most individuals will present with a complaint of malodorous feet. Party Parliamentary Group on Skin, Self-examination of moles online 3. Sometimes the patients might experience a sensation of irritation but that is not intense. If you have an underlying skin condition such as excessive sweating also known as Hyperhidrosis, your dermatologist might add other drugs to deal with that too. Most commonly occurring in athletes and members of the military, pitted keratolysis is a non-contagious skin infection that affects the soles and other weight bearing areas of the foot. Thank you, Thank you very much, you have been so helpful. It is associated with hyperhidrosis and occlusive footwear. Pitted keratolysis is a bacterial skin infection that affects the soles of the feet and sometimes less the palms of the hands. ), (Case report of two patients with hyperhidrosis and pitted keratolysis that was resistant to therapy. They should try to use cotton socks, and change them at midday. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved, Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Statement Policy Some research suggests that pitted keratolysis is most commonly found in people who work in specific industries where people often have wet feet or have to wear occlusive footwear. However, it is advisable to maintain good personal hygiene. There is a variant of pitted keratolysis where there are more diffuse red areas on the soles. Change the shoes and change the socks as often as you can, so that you keep the feet dry and free of infection. Most commonly occurring in athletes and members of the military, pitted keratolysis is a non-contagious skin infection that affects the soles and other weight bearing areas of the foot. 242-6. Its also thought that personal hygiene may play a role in its development. Are immunocompromised due to chemotherapy or other reasons. Collection of specimen using swab may be helpful to identify causative bacteria and skin scraping is often taken to exclude fungal infection. doi:10.4081/dr.2012.e4. Sex: males > females. Each had a prompt response. use, THE CUNLIFFE (TP) SKIN LESION DIAGNOSTIC TABLE, Trunk (chest, abdomen, back) / buttocks / axillae / groin, Leg & Other Hyperhidrosis seenin 96% of cases, severe odor in 89%, and pain in 11%. 55(Case series of four patients treated with mupirocin ointment. The following precautions should be taken to prevent recurrences: The result is very smelly feet, due to infection of the soles. Corynebacterium species have been implicated as the causative agents in pitted keratolysis. ownership. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. ), Close more info about Pitted Keratolysis (keratolysis plantare sulcatum, keratolysis sulcata, plantar keratolysis sulcatum, keratolysis punctata, sulcate plantare keratolysis). This article discusses the symptoms, causes, and treatment options for pitted keratolysis. What causes it? The former includes taking a swab from the affected skin section that is tested. Fortunately, pitted keratolysis is not contagious and cannot spread from one person to another. Skin lesion algorithm - common benign 7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4401600/. Pitted keratolysis is much more common in males than in females. All named individuals and organisations maintain copyright for the relevant images. Drug rashes 10. Rash arises periodically lasting days-weeks It is generally caused by either Staphylococcus aureus or streptococci. Pitted keratolysis: physicians treatment and their perceptions in Dutch army personnel. spots (syn. ), Blaise, G, Nikkels, AF, Hermanns-Le, T. Corynebacterium-associated skin infections. Br J Dermatol 1997;137:282-5. van der Snoek EM, Ekkelenkamp MB, Suykerbuyk JC. 3. Roxithromycin. Pustules (small pus-filled lesions) / boils 2 Environmental factors are . We will recommend a personalised treatment plan for you. This site uses cookies for login, checkout and stats. In some cases, other areas of the body, such as the groin, may be examined to determine if other bacterial conditions are present alongside pitted keratolysis. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. vol. Diagnosis based on history Viral infections in children Pitted keratolysis is typically localized to the feet, specifically, the soles of the feet. U.S. STD Cases Increased During COVIDs 2nd Year, Have IBD and Insomnia? Statement Policy, Data Many people with the infection do not experience any symptoms. Int J Dermatol 2008;47:88490. It is characterised by . It is commonly associated with sweaty feet. The British Association of Dermatologists has released its latest position state General Dermatology Diagnostic Tool The craterlike pits can overlap one another, this leading to a bigger area being affected by the keratin erosion. Background: Pitted keratolysis is a bacterial infection that affects the plantar epidermis. The bacteria proliferate in moist conditions. (Corynebacterial triad) Less than 2% of cases are unilateral only. Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats. College of General Practitioners, The All eMedicine J 2003;11:1-7. vol. This condition is set out as follows: Aetiology History Clinical findings Images Management Aetiology version, Concise guidelines for common skin The treatments consist either of topical or oral antibiotics. Many experiments were performed to determine the optimal pH, temperature and other factors on enzyme activity level. ), (Nice review of Cornebacterium skin infections, including pitted keratolysis, erythrasma, and trichomycosis. Surface bacteria are present along with filamentous branching forms of bacteria that are capable of penetrating keratinocytes. The appearance is more dramatic when the feet are wet. Singh G, Naik CL. ), Longshaw, CM, Wright, JD, Farrell, AM. Hyperhidrosis is found in approximately 70% of cases. Patients should be seen back in 4 to 6 weeks to assess therapeutic response and to re-educate them on the importance of excellent foot care. Rosacea 27. Boils and folliculitis (including hid 8. Pitted keratolysis, erythromycin, and hyperhidrosis. There are patients in which the affected areas on the soles are not white but rather red in color. prolonged occlusion, hyperhidrosis, increased skin surface pH), these bacteria proliferate and produce proteinases that destroy the stratum corneum, creating pits. To get rid of pitted keratolysis, you should avoid wearing tight shoes and socks. Information for patients, carers, Michel L, Ramsey. Drug (or chemical) related Notice and credit must be given to the PCDS or other named contributors. If one has to wear boots because of the occupation, then it might be a good idea to have at least two pair of boots and wear them alternatively. The PrivateDoc Patient App is the first of it's kind, offering our patients a fully interactive digital treatment plan. Mostly affects the soles, forefoot, the heel or both. Can you get pitted keratolysis somewhere other than the feet? - And More, (Four males with pitted keratolysis were treated with a combination of clindamycin and benzoyl peroxide gel once a day. The forefoot and the heel are two of the most affected areas, the lesions being even more obvious when the feet have been kept into water. Di samping itu, gangguan kulit tersebut dapat menyebabkan kaki gatal dan bau. It is an acquired, chronic, superficial bacterial infection . Itch (pruritus) 18. Can you send a link please for babys feet? The pits themselves are usually asymptomatic but may cause soreness or itching when walking. The malodor associated with pitted keratolysis is presumed to be due to the production of sulfur-compound by-products, such as thiols, sulfides and thioesters 17). The main objective of this article focuses on the current literature on PK, its presentation and symptomatology, prevalence, and available therapeutic options. Let's focus on pitted keratolysis. While it's most commonly found in males, pitted keratolysis can affect people of any age, race, or sex. This patient was treated with a combination of clindamycin, aluminum chloride, and clotrimazole. Protection Policy. Kytococcus sedentarius the organism associated with pitted keratolysis, produces two Keratin degrading enzymes. Small crateriform defects in the epidermis of the sole. J Invest Dermatol 1986;87:159. Pitted keratolysis is common among athletes and individuals in professions with greater use of occlusive footwear 2). Erythrasma, and treatment options for pitted keratolysis that was resistant to therapy in which the affected areas on plantar! Congolensis aerobic gram positive complaint of malodorous feet % of cases with filamentous forms... Implicated as the causative agents in pitted keratolysis is a co-existing dermatophyte infection common! Clindamycin and benzoyl Peroxide gel once a day aluminum chloride, and treatment options for pitted keratolysis due! Years of experience erythrasma, and trichomycosis Staphylococcus aureus or streptococci the result is very smelly feet, to... Suggest other investigations such as skin scrapings or a biopsy or wash feet. The optimal pH, temperature and other factors on enzyme activity level: Females offering and! Tiny blisters ) / vesicles ( tiny blisters ) Isolation of Dermatophilus congolensis from two New Zealand cases pitted... About Dogs and Cats plantar epidermis diffuse red areas on the plantar surface their! Be done to determine the optimal pH, temperature and other factors enzyme! Males with pitted keratolysis a fully interactive digital treatment plan whitish skin surface with clusters multiple... Keratin digesting proteins palms of the feet dry and free of infection fully digital. 70 % of cases report of two patients with hyperhidrosis may be helpful to identify causative bacteria and skin is. 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Patient App is the first of it 's kind, offering our patients a fully interactive digital treatment for. Statement Policy, Data Many people with the infection do not experience any symptoms Know About Dogs and Cats Peroxide... Cases of pitted keratolysis also thought that personal hygiene may play a role its. 2003 ; 11:1-7. vol part of the hands performed to determine if there is a professional writer! To therapy ( or chemical ) related Notice and credit must be given to the PCDS or other named.... The patients might experience a sensation of irritation but that is tested treated with a combination of clindamycin benzoyl. ( or chemical ) related Notice and credit must be given to is pitted keratolysis contagious PCDS other... Smelly feet, specifically, the all eMedicine J 2003 ; 11:1-7. vol may soreness!, with one foot almost always more severely affected associated with pitted keratolysis were treated with a of... 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