necessary, and particularly when playing "patinades", he There are also many traditional musical instruments that are unique to Greece and essential to the culture and sound of its music. The laouto is played in larger ensembles in northern Greece (mostly as a chordal instrument, though taximia (unmetered solos) are played on it as well) with such instruments as violin, clarinet, sometimes santouri (an instrument that resembles the hammer dulcimer and is played with cotton-tipped sticks) and either defi ( tambourine) or the Ballos: Various forms of folk dance island culture. It is played with two "hammer-like" This side is called the "Koutsouro" chord and rhythm instrument in small "bouzouki" bands. Kithara 3.1K views 5 years ago Yiannis (John) Rousos is one of only a dozen or so musicians in the United States that plays the Greek Santouri. The kithara required a great deal of skill to play and was used in Greek games, dance, banquets, and songs. As it is with other instruments in Indian music, the santoor is played sitting on the floor. They sometimes even dance in front of the dancers The chanter is a pipe with finger holes in it and contains a reed. In the gharana established by Pandit Shivkumar Sharma, the santoor player holds the mallets (mezrb) with the index, middle finger and thumb. Its name comes from the Greek word "psaltirion" through the Persian word santour. It probably evolved from harp-like instruments such as the lyra of the ancient Greeks. At one time it was found even in southern Greece. or tied with cotton, thread or rubber. Dattilam: A compendium of ancient Indian music. The Santouri is popular with both the mainland "koumbania" which might The Santouri or Greek dulcimer The santouri, shaped like an equal-sided trapezoid, belongs to the family of stringed instruments. The Folkway project founded in 2016, it is located in Northern Greece, based in Thessaloniki and its main occupation focuses on the field of folklore and alternative tourism at the same way. Sometimes a violin, or an accordion, a piano, or other instruments would be played as well. Its ancestors are the tambouras and pandouras of the Byzantine era. This refers to the fact that they would carry the small instrument tucked into the back of their belt, under the back of their coat tail so that it did not show. The floyera is the Greek shepherd's flute. A visitor. They decided the historians were correct in saying it was used to accompany singing. The Phorminx is a stringed instrument that falls somewhere between the lyre and the kithara in design. The Vana Veena also had strings and was played with sticks. In other words, the musician The klarino, a variant of the clarinet, is used in the music of Epirus to accompany the slow dances of the region like the tsamikos, koftos, metsovitikos among others. It is an ancient musical instrument that was probably invented in Persia. Musical Instruments with Books; Make Your Band; All products (12906) Cy-DJ Equipment - Lighting. The tips of the mallets can be left bare, creating a sound similar to that of a banjo, or they can be covered with varying thicknesses of cotton, creating soundsthat range from bright to very soft. The Kemene of the Black Sea (Turkish: Karadeniz kemenesi, Greek: Pontiak lra or Pontic lyre, Laz: ilili (), Armenian: Qamani) is a Greek and Turkish traditional musical instrument. Daouli (shown with Karamoudza) from Zevgolateio, Korinthias. Greek Santouri: Practice & Learning]. Theory. In this post, were going to take a look at some of the Greek musical instruments. . can hang it from his neck, as these songs need the musician to be able to and dancing. Each one has a hook-shaped handle and a 5mm wide, 20-25 cm long baton, In Greece, Turkey, and Persia the Santure was developd, in Russia, we find the Gusli, in Germeny, the Hackbrett, in italy, the Cemballo; in England, theDulcimer, in Austria, the Zither, and in Hungary and Romania the Cimbalom. If was played by striking the strings with a pair of metal mallets. In Twelfth Night Shakespeare combined images of music, love and food perfectly: If music be the food of love, play on so will I, but in the knowledge that this is a list that may well stray from academic rigour. It is believed to originate from the baglama of Turkey, where it is also known as the saz. The outi (ud) is a stringed, lute type instrument that is used throughout the Arabic world. The frame can be made of wood, clay, or metal and is in the form of an oval hoop with a handle. The santouri is a stringed instrument in the hammered dulcimer family. It seems that the origin goes back to Assyrians and Babylonians. It is played and tuned in the same way as the tzouras. Almost all bouzouki luthiers now are making tzourades, and it is a very popular instrument today. Our experience, our ideas, our know-how in accordance with our professionalism and creative approach combined with the realibility and loyalty of OPEN WAYS, ensuring quality and success in all our folklore events. 1997. Sometimes there is a bulbous mouthpiece place between the reed part. Sometimes they play the melody on I began as a harp and dulcimer player but have been steadily drifting eastwards since discovering the maqam system on a musical tour of Turkey at a vulnerable age. Constructed Sizes and shapes varied and the manner of playing Also changed. Each course of strings consists of between 3 and 5 strings. google_ad_client = "ca-pub-8484375779836570"; 1-16. sanr, also spelled santour or santoor, also called santouri, stringed instrument of the hammered dulcimer, or struck zither, family that is found in various forms across southeastern Europe, the Middle East, and South Asia. (Chordophones): Wind Instruments And like the old lagouto and bouzouki/tambouras style of playing, old timers often used an eagle feather as a pick. Those partners may have their own information theyve collected about you. This paper explores the shift from informal to formal music teaching and learning of traditional Greek instruments by examining related studies over the . The Zurna is a type of double reed instrument that is a member of the woodwind family. The santour of Iraqi/Iranian origin was, in 1920, still played by Jewish musicians in Constantinople, but otherwise, the main santour in use at that time was essentially the Greek santouri. Religion has always played a very significant role in the way Greek culture was shaped and transformed through the centuries. In this role, The lyra is usually played while seated, held in an upright position, and supported on the knee but can also be played while standing, with it resting on the abdomen. We know that the qanun was already present in India by the late-fifteenth century (Miner, 2010: 375), but there is apparently no mention or representation of an instrument corresponding to the santoor in India before the end of the nineteenth century. It is played suspended by a shoulder strap by striking the drum heads with specially constructed beaters at traditional Greek village fairs, festivals, and dances. Common tunings include: a-a-d, e-a-d, and The instrument we know today as santoor is an isosceles trapezoid-shaped box with several strings (from 72 to over 100, depending on the origin of the instrument) arranged in courses of three or four that is played with two wooden mallets. The lyra usually has three strings. that the two pipes are usually somewhat out of tune with one another, They range in size from the small, approximately 5 or 6 inch zournadi to the large approximately 20 inch long zournas common in Greek Makedonia. This project was funded by Fonds de recherche du Qubec(FRQSC). rences and other educational programs and activities with folklore character. It is a form of the psalterion of Byzantine times, and some ethnomusicologists attribute the name, santouri, to the word psalterion. DJ Equipment - Lighting. The first set of bridges is positioned instrument and is used in Greek music to play the main melody, to accompany Baglamas; Peiraieus, circa 1950. of bridges divide the four sections of the Santouri: the counter-bass, The player puffed out his cheeks and used circular breathing to make a continuous penetrating, shrill sound. View on seller's website. It is a polyphonic , , . The soundboard, supported by bracings, is made of softwood (sometimes plywood) and is generally without soundholes. (2001: 45) This term first appears in an anonymous manuscript of the 14th century, Kashf al-Ghumm, in which it is written that Syrians call "sanr" the instrument known in Egypt as qanun. The strings are struck by special padded mallets held between the fingers. two strings at once, giving a primitive harmony in fourths. Its nearest relative and predecessor (in terms of construction at least) is the Romanian Santour. One end is left closed, where the joint would be, and then a slice is made so that a thin "reed" is formed which can vibrate when that end is blown. All the transliterated terms are neutral and written in italics, with the exception of names (including the name ofragas, e.g. ('Of the Vlachs'), or the 'Makam Nikriz'. such as the lyra of the ancient Greeks. George also played his Santouri as a hobby into his 90's, an instrument he played in Greece as a part-time travelling musician. they press against the sides of the strings with the tops of their In his thesis on the Dulcimer, David Kettlewellwrote: Much controversy - and sometimes, one suspects, plain confusion and incomplete knowledge - surrounds the instruments in the santur area, concerning the meaning of the name, what names are given to dulcimers, how far back in time they can be dated, and so on. (1976:329) There are, of course, various reasons that could explain this reality, each one being related to specific aspects of the culture where the instrument is played. (1970). In fact, the reeds for the mainland gaida (bagpipe) are made in the same way. Some of the technologies we use are necessary for critical functions like security and site integrity, account authentication, security and privacy preferences, internal site usage and maintenance data, and to make the site work correctly for browsing and transactions. The bagpipe of Crete is the askomandoura. It is not a "whistle" type flute where the musician puts the flute into his mouth and blows like blowing a whistle. Santouri. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. It is impossible, however, to know when. Music Theory / Solfege; Harmony; Counter Point ; Fuga; . Thank you so much for doing those songs justice - no, for making them better!' (Mike Miller, son of songwriters Connie Pearce & Arnold Miller) A seasonal CD with a difference, Winter Warm is a spicy mix of folk, jazz, musical comedy, and the American songbook, offering hope and humor for the chill-challenged, daylight-deprived, and winter-weary. Spartan Home | Instruments | Contact and Order. 2 users rated this 5 out of 5 stars 2. String Instruments; Folk & World; Harps; Quality 9 Bridge Santoor Santour SANTUR Dulcimer With Hard Case and Accessories. The klarino in the key of "C" ("do") is a favorite of the old folk klaritzides (clarinet players), although the Albert Bb has become the most popular clarinet in recent years. Site Author/Photos: John Pappas include klarino, violi, lavouto and santouri, and the island folk and his musical training. Flutes in the upper left make up the remaining two sets. Devidayal, N. (2018). The country's national religion is the Greek Orthodox Church and 98% of the population are Christian Orthodox. The Laouto is similar to the oud but has a longer neck and is used as a solo or accompaniment in Greek music. In other words there are all the equivalents of all the black and white keys of the piano on it, unlike other versions (Celtic, Hungarian, Chinese, etc) which have some of the black keys missing. Its steel strings are played with a plectrum. It is a relatively large and fully chromatic instrument, which gives it great flexibility and depth of sound. It has been used for crowd calling due to its strident, far-reaching sound. Like the bouzouki and the baglamas, the tzouras (tambouras) was a favorite instrument of the rebetes in rebetiko music. of Greek culture: mythology, religion and traditional Greek instruments. usually played by shepherds and it is accompanied by the small drum, For more information visit: www.kofteros.gr Click to downloadin MP3 format (1.44MB) Santouri from G The lamination of the frame is from solid European flamed maple, sound board and bottom board from European spruce. According to my Today most Greek instruments add a lower range extending down from E to C. I have incorporated this feature on my instruments but I have also found that I can offer an extended high range from b' to e" without any compromise in form or function. Five Albert System klarina: Keys of G, A, B flat, C, E flat. In Greek folk music, it is the largest plucked string instrument, followed by the tambouras/bouzouki, the tzouras, and the baglamas, from largest to smallest. Songs From The Greek Islands; All products (448) Mpouzouki - Mpaglamas - Tzouras. The Greek outi has mainly been used by the Greeks from Thrace and Asia Minor, which is now part of Turkey. The Tsampouna is a droneless bagpipe played in the Greek islands. But, unlike the lute which looks very similar, it has no frets and can have between eleven and thirteen strings. It is a bowed in the lower left corner of the instrument, close to the left balcony, the Shepherds often play these, as they are fairly easily made by the musician himself. widest side of the trapezoid. It is tuned chromatically, extending over three and a half octaves. The air was diverted to a wind trunk which led to the organ pipes. Thanks for stopping by and if you have any questions get in touch! We can however see descendants of this type of harp in the bn-jj played by members of the Pardhan ethnic group in Madhya Pradesh (Knight, 1985) and in the saung-gauk played in Myanmar. 477, Nijenhuis, pp.78-79) It is therefore difficult to establish a direct link between this instrument and the qanun or the santoor. sound of the Santouri lends a strong, rhythmic element to the group, Nijenhuis, E. . Variations of these instruments could be found in most regions from the north all the way to the south, and even on some of the islands. All the transliterated terms are neutral and written in italics, with the exception of names (including the name ofragas, e.g. . Download Santouri (MPEG4) All the films in Kaleidoscopes Dreamcatcher A film by Benot Labourdette (1'21s, 2020). It is closely related to the cimbalom, which is most associated with Hungary but is found in various versions throughout the Balkans. A saying that the old "rebetes" used to quote was: "Eho to baglamadaki, kato ap' to sakaki." Turkish musicians adopted the t,ambal played by Romanian Gypsies about 1840 and played Turkish court music on it (perhaps the best-known player was santouri Edhem Efendi, 1855-1924). It is a form of the psalterion of Byzantine times, and some ethnomusicologists attribute the name, santouri, to the word psalterion. favored in the early part of the 20th century as a solo instrument Not being able to work because of the religious country's prejudice against music, a talented Santour player has to deal with poverty, addiction and the absence of his ex-wife. The highest strings, the A, consists of a pair of unwound strings of the same diameter. The make up of the typical bouzouki musical group has varied and changed over the years and has included many types of instrument groupings. of Byzantine times, and some ethnomusicologists attribute the name, 9-28. It is related to the Arabic ud or the Greek outi, as well as to the European lutes. It then spread to Greek musicians in Istanbul, Izmir, and the nearby islands, where it is characteristic. In Greek Thrace, the Carved Swallow; Back of Cretan Lyra by M. Stagakis, 1981. They typically have three strings which are plucked with a pick. It is a wind instrument used in Greek folk music and is typically played in small community gatherings where the old musical traditions still cling on. with a curved end. Some consider that Terpander of Lesvos (the father of Greek music and lyric poetry) to have invented the instrument in the 7th Century BC. It then spread to Greek musicians in Istanbul, Izmir, and the nearby islands, where it is characteristic. The back of the nails of the fingers of the left hand lightly touches the side of the strings to form the notes. It was played while standing with it resting against the musicians shoulder. is produced by striking the strings with two specially-designed light-weight Usually the tonic (can be mentioned as pitch) of the conventional Santoor is D (440) and it resonates the beautiful melodic sound which has similarity with Jaltarang, Xylophone and Harp. Tel: +30 2310 525 500 November 2021. exterior view of the museum of greek folk musical instruments in the city center RF M6NN9G - Traditional Greek instrument politiki lyra or classical kemence (30% off). It thus rounds out the Nowadays, it is made of metal. Lanham: Scarecrow Press. tuning which was popularized in Hungarian and Romanian hammered dulcimers. It is reputed to be the descendant of the Barbat, which was covered with animal skin. . Learn how to play Santouri at the AMS music school. Cretan Lyra: Explore the Mediterranean Mosaic through the culture of Crete. Legend has it that Hermes used a tortoise shell for the soundbox and attached a wooden frame to it across which he stretched the strings. One of the first modifications of the Kannun was the Psaltery which became extinct in history by later modifications invented by the people in the various countries of Europe. younger teachers of Greek traditional instruments, but it can also contribute to the broader discussion of informal music learning. 29, No. We use the system of the "International Alphabet for Transliteration of Sanskrit" (IAST).Thus, the term " " is transliterated into "bandia" and not transcribed into "bandish". shaped like an equal-sided trapezoid, belongs to the family of stringed instruments. The Gaida is the bagpipe of Northern Greece. Set where you live, what language you speak, and the currency you use. :+306972006316 & +306973854977 New Delhi: Context. One of the most interesting aspects of Ikaria's history is its connection to Greek mythology. The Lute, with a long neck, the mandolin and the guitar accompanies serenades in islands influenced by the culture of Italy. Like the Tambouras, the frets on a Laouto are adjustable, and the strings are plucked with a plectrum, usually a feather. The lyre was the popular four-string version of the Kithara that was easier to play and was mostly used as a folk instrument in rustic events. The gaida has a single chanter pipe and one drone pipe. of hammered dulcimer. 10. The Santouri is a type The bagpipe or Askaulos of Ancient Greece allowed the musician to play without taking pauses for breath. The Greek Santouri is the only hammered dulcimer in the world (to my knowledge) to have a fully chromatic setup. This instrument has 4 courses of strings, or four double strings. has twelve bridges. Related: Read our guide to other double reed instruments here. It belongs to the category of stringed bowed musical instruments. The lyra is played throughout the islands of the Aegean. However, if the situation was not appropriate for a good "kefi" (mood), they could keep it out of sight. The zither is a stringed percussion instrument level. Last, but It is tuned exactly like the bouzouki, with three pairs of strings tuned D, A, D. It has a twangier sound than a bouzouki, but the style of playing is like old style bouzouki and lagouto playing, in that the musician periodically picks all the strings as a sort of drone as he plays the melody on the higher D string. Has a single chanter pipe and one drone pipe from harp-like instruments such as the saz as the saz learning... A type of double reed instruments here and the guitar accompanies serenades in islands by. A plectrum, usually a feather without soundholes in italics, with the exception of names including. A direct link between this instrument has 4 courses of strings consists a! And traditional Greek instruments to form the notes Fonds de recherche du Qubec ( FRQSC.! 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